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Commonly Used Fire Terms


AIR UTILITY UNIT:
A mobile piece of fire equipment which carries a large air compressor for refilling breathing air cylinders and an electric generator for providing emergency scene lighting and power.

ALS (Advanced Life Support):
Also referred to as "Paramedic" level care. A unit which is capable of providing ALS has two certified paramedics assigned and a full complement of medical equipment to perform those duties.

ARFF UNIT:
Aircraft Rescue Firefighting vehicle. Also referred to as CFR (Crash Fire Rescue) units.

AUTOMATIC AID:
Agreements between agencies to respond the nearest available resource to the incident regardless of jurisdictional boundaries. Normally established on a mutual use basis.

BATTALION:
A geographic protection area of the Orange County Fire Authority, managed by an "on duty" Battalion Chief.

BLS (Basic Life Support):
Also referred to as Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) level care. Basic Life Support can be accomplished with a minimum of equipment. The term encompasses any provider or citizen who is trained in CPR and First Aid. For the OCFA, the level of service is EMT level care (higher training than First Aid; approximately three times the number of training hours) and Defibrillation (higher than CPR).

BRUSH ENGINE:
A mobile piece of fire equipment which carries hose, water and a pump, and is specially designed for off road wildland firefighting.

CAD:
Computer Aided Dispatch System. This system automatically verifies address information, suggests units to respond, records times and prints/displays the information in the fire stations/units.

COMMAND STAFF:
Command Staff consists of the Information Officer, Safety Officer, and Liaison Officer who report directly to the Incident Commander.

COMPANY:
Suppression personnel assigned to staff a particular piece of firefighting equipment.

CONTRACT CITY or PARTNER CITY:
A City which contracts with the Orange County Fire Authority for fire protection and emergency medical services.

DEMOB (Demobilization):
The processing of apparatus and/or personnel for release or reassignment to another incident. Normally occurs at base or at a demobilization center.

DIVISION:
A geographic protection area of the Orange County Fire Authority presently encompassing one or two battalions and managed by a Division Chief.

DOC (Department Operations Center):
The command and control center or center point for managing and coordinating extended incidents and major emergencies. It is where the incident communications are handled, situation and resources status is obtained and disseminated, logistical requests are processed, incident information is approved and released, coordination and liaison with other agencies and organizations occurs and where documentation and after action reports are completed.

DOZER:
A bulldozer equipped with protective equipment to insure the safety of the operator. Used to construct line around a fire, build firebreaks and roads to incidents/wildland areas and assists in other operations as needed. Operator must be certified as a Heavy Fire Equipment Operator (HFEO).

ECC (Emergency Communication Center):
Refers to the Orange County Fire Authority Emergency Communications Center located at Orange County Fire Authority Headquarters in Irvine, where emergency calls are received and transmitted to the closest fire station(s) for action.

EMERGENCY TRANSPORT UNIT:
This unit is staffed by 2 Emergency Medical Technicians and responds toa ll medical aid calls. After evaluation and treatment by firefighter/paramedics, the patients are escorted and transported in these ambulances.

ENGINE:
A mobile piece of fire equipment which carries water, fire hose and a fire pump. Sometimes called a "pumper." The Engine is the basic piece of fire apparatus. Several different types of engines exist. (See Type I, Type II and Type III Engines.)

FIRE MENACE STANDBY (FMS):
A situation in which the potential for a fire to start exists. (Example: A downed power line)

HANDCREW:
A team of firefighters specifically trained to fight wildland fires with hand tools, power tools and limited amounts of water if any. Crews range in size from eight (fly crew) to eighteen (Federal crews). They are available from the Federal, State and local fire agencies. The best trained of these are called "Hotshot" crews. Some of these crews are made up of inmates and others are full time firefighters. Most are seasonal employees of the sponsoring agency.

HAZMAT (HAZARDOUS MATERIALS):
Any material which is dangerous to life, health or property due to its chemical nature or properties. Even normal household materials can be Hazardous Materials when improperly used or mixed with other incompatible materials.

HELIBASE:
The location within an incident for parking, fueling, maintenance and loading of helicopters.

HELISPOT
A location where helicopters can take off and land. Some helispots are used for retardant/water resupply.

HELITENDER and HELICOPTER SUPPORT:
Whenever the OCFA helicopter is assigned to an incident for long periods of time, a specialized support unit is dispatch to assist the helicopter. This unit is comprised of a fuel tender and a support crew. They complete the necessary work to establish a HELIBASE for the operation.

HIGH RISE:
Any structure over 55 feet in height from the lowest point of fire department access. These structures require additional built-in fire protection such as special controls for the elevators, air conditioning, intercom systems and stairwell control. A fire in one of these structures requires additional personnel and the OCFA responds the equivalent of a second alarm on the initial response. All new highrise buildings are protected with automatic fire sprinklers and other built in fire protection systems. Most of the older buildings have been retrofitted to meet the intent of the current standards.

HOSE TENDER:
Specialized type of apparatus that carries extra large diameter hose (4") for major incidents.

INCIDENT OBJECTIVES:
Statements of guidance and direction necessary for the selection of appropriate strategies and the tactical direction of resources. Incident objective are based on realistic expectation of what can be accomplished when all allocated resources have been effectively deployed. Incident objective must be achievable and measurable, yet flexible enough to allow for strategic and tactical alternatives.

INITIAL RESPONSE:
Resources committed to the incident during the early minutes/hours of an incident.

LOCAL EMERGENCY:
The existence of conditions within the territorial limits of a local agency, in the absence of a duly proclaimed state of emergency, which are a result of an emergency created by great public calamity such as air pollution, extraordinary fire, flood, storm, earthquake, civil disturbances or other disaster which is or is likely to be beyond the control of that agency and require the combined forces of other local agencies to combat.

MASTER MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT:
An agreement between all fire agencies in the State of California to provide resources to handle large or unusual emergencies. Orange County Fire Authority serves as the mutual aid area coordinator for Orange County.

MUTUAL AID:
Agreements between agencies to assist in times of need. An agency must first commit its own resources prior to asking for assistance.

MEDIC ENGINE/TRUCK:
An engine or truck company on which two of the assigned personnel are certified paramedics. This unit carries a full complement of paramedic equipment.

MEDIC VAN:
An ambulance type vehicle staffed with two certified paramedics. This unit carries a full complement of paramedic equipment. Under extreme conditions or when fire personnel are injured, these units are used to transport patients.

MOB CENTER (MOBILIZATION CENTER):
An off incident location at which emergency service personnel and equipment are temporarily located pending assignment, release or reassignment.

MDT (Mobile Data Terminal):
The terminal in each of the units that sends and receives information remotely from CAD.

OCFIRS (Orange County Fire Incident Reporting System):
The On-line incident reporting system used by suppression staff to complete State mandated and department required incident information.

PATROL or PATROL UNIT:
This is a small truck used for mop-up and patrolling for hot spots in wildland fires. In the OCFA, the patrols are assigned with two personnel and the unit carries 200 ft of one inch, hose, 150 gal. of water and a 50 gpm pump.

PAU (PARAMEDIC ASSESSMENT UNIT):
This is a company (engine or truck) on which one of the personnel assigned is a certified paramedic. The unit carries the basic paramedic equipment. The paramedic on this unit is tasked with assessing the patient(s) and taking action necessary to stabilize the patient. In the event that paramedic level care is not needed, the paramedic unit responding to the incident can be canceled thereby improving availability times for the full paramedic units.

PLATOON:
The group of personnel assigned to work the same 24-hour shift. Normally, one third of the total work force. Referred to as A, B and C platoons or shifts.

QUINT/TRUCK:
A mobile piece of fire equipment which carries ladders and a long (70' to 100') chassis mounted aerial ladder, a full complement of ground ladders and the equipment/water (less than an engine) carried on an engine company. Also carries specialized rescue and salvage equipment.

SHIFT:
Refers to a 24 hour work period.

STAGING AREA:
The location where incident personnel and equipment are assigned on a three minute availability status.

STRIKE TEAM:
Specified combinations of resources of the same kind and type with common communications and a leader. With engine companies this is five engines and a leader. With dozers, the strike team consists of two dozers, one dozer tender and one leader.

STRUCTURE FIRE:
A fire in a building or other structure.

SWIFT WATER RESCUE TEAM:
Swift Water Rescue Teams are located in Irvine, Mission Viejo, Buena Park, Placentia and Seal Beach. These highly-technical and specially-skilled firefighters have been trained to perform a variety of rescues and are only minutes away in the event of an emergency.

TANKER or AIR TANKER
Water dropping fixed wing aircraft. These come in various sizes and capabilities. These are provided on a reimbursement basis from California Department of Forestry, US Forest Service and private contractors.

TECHNICAL RESCUE TRUCK:
A truck company with additional equipment and training which can assist in specialized rescue situations. The personnel assigned to these units are also used to staff the rescue teams on the USAR team.

TELE-SQUIRT or SQUIRT:
A mobile piece of fire equipment which carries hose, water, 1500 gpm pump and is equipped with an automatically controlled 50' - 75' telescoping boom operating a large flow capacity nozzle.

TYPE I ENGINE:
A mobile piece of fire equipment which carries hose, water and a pump (1250 gpm or larger) used primarily for structure fires. This is the basic fire department unit. Most fire stations contain one or more of these type of units.

TYPE II ENGINE:
A mobile piece of fire equipment which carries hose, water and a pump (750 gpm or larger) and combines the features of both a structural engine and off road wildland capability. Normally found in fire stations with where both structure engines and brush engines are needed. The majority of these are staffed by PCF crews.

TYPE III ENGINE:
A mobile piece of fire equipment which carries hose, water and a pump (500 gpm or larger) used primarily as a brush engine. Normally found in fire stations near the wildland interface areas.

US&R TEAM (Urban Search and Rescue):
Specialized rescue team developed under a FEMA program. One of eight teams in California and twenty-five in the entire nation. The team consists of 64 members who can carry out specialized rescue work anywhere in the world and be self sufficient for five days. Team includes specialize search equipment such as dogs, microphones and cameras and a large cache of specialized rescue equipment.

UTILITY:
A pick-up or stakebed type truck used in logistical support of the agency on incidents and day to day.

WATER TENDER:
A water carrying vehicle capable of resupplying engine companies with water when other water sources are not available. These units range from 500 gallons to over 5,000 gallons.

WILDLAND:
Also called chaparral or bush. This is the indigenous vegetation in the mountain and foothill areas of California. Many of these plants have very high oil contents which make them a high fire danger.

WILDLAND/URBAN INTERFACE:
The area between the indigenous vegetation and the built-up areas that cause significant exposure to structures in the event of a wildland fire.

800 MHz:
An advanced high frequency radio transmission band. Common radio capabilities for all fire departments in Orange County. The new Law Enforcement/Public Works/General Government will be integrated with the Fire Radio system in the near future on these frequencies.

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